Date: Jan. 16, 2004 |
Previous Recipients
1913.....Robert A. Millikan
1918.....Samuel J. Barnett
1923.....William Duane
1928.....Clinton J. Davisson
In recognition of his experimental work demonstrating that under certain conditions, electrons behave as we would expect trains of waves to behave.
1933.....Percy W. Bridgman
For his investigations leading to increased understanding of the electrical constitution of matter.
1938.....Ernest O. Lawrence
1943.....Donald W. Kerst
For his pioneer work in connection with the development of the betatron and the results which he obtained with this new and powerful scientific tool.
1948.....Merle A.Tuve
For his pioneering work on the upper atmosphere and his development of the electrical pulse method of study; for his pioneering work in nuclear physics utilizing the electrostatic generator; and for his development of the proximity fuse.
1953.....William Shockley
For his pioneering investigations and exposition of electric and magnetic properties of solid materials; in particular for his researches in the conduction of electricity by electrons and holes in semiconductors.
1958.....Charles H. Townes
1963.....C. S. Wu
1968.....Leon N Cooper and J. Robert Schrieffer
1973.....Robert H. Dicke
1978.....Raymond Davis, Jr.
1983.....Theodor W. Hansch and Peter P. Sorokin
1988.....Paul C. W. Chu and Maw-Kuen Wu
For discovery of superconductivity in yttrium barium copper oxide and similar compounds above the boiling point of nitrogen -- a major scientific and technological breakthrough.
1993.....E. L. Hahn (shared)
For his revolutionary discoveries in magnetic resonance and coherent optics, in particular for the Hahn Spin Echo, the Hartman-Hahn Cross-polarization, and self-induced transparency.
1993.....Charles P. Slichter (shared)
For his seminal contributions to the development and application of magnetic resonance in condensed matter, including the first experimental proof of pairing correlations in superconductors and fundamental studies in surface science and catalysis.
1999.....John Clarke
For his major contributions to the development of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDS) and their use for scientific measurements, especially involving electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic waves.