Review articles and talks on solar neutrinos



Solar Models and Solar Neutrino Oscillations
Author(s):John N. Bahcall and and Carlos Peña-Garay
Journal: New Journal of Physics, 6, article number 63, hep-ph/0404061.

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Abstract: We provide a summary of the current knowledge, theoretical and experimental, of solar neutrino fluxes and of the masses and mixing angles that characterize solar neutrino oscillations. We also summarize the principal reasons for doing new solar neutrino experiments and what we think may be learned from the future measurements.

The predicted solar neutrino energy spectrum. The figure shows the energy spectrum of solar neutrinos predicted by the BP04 solar model. For continuum sources, the neutrino fluxes are given in number of neutrinos cm-2s-1 MeV-1 at the Earth's surface. For line sources, the units are number of neutrinos cm-2s-1. Total theoretical uncertainties are shown for each source. To avoid complication in the figure, we have omitted the difficult-to-detect CNO neutrino fluxes.



Solar Models: An Historical Overview
Author(s):John N. Bahcall
Journal: In the Proceedings of Neutrino 2002, XXth International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics, Nuclear Physics B (Proc. Suppl.), 118, 77, astro-ph/0209080

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Abstract: I will summarize in four slides the 40 years of development of the standard solar model that is used to predict solar neutrino fluxes and then describe the current uncertainties in the predictions. I will dispel the misconception that the p-p neutrino flux is determined by the solar luminosity and present a related formula that gives, in terms of the p-p and 7Be neutrino fluxes, the ratio of the rates of the two primary ways of terminating the p-p fusion chain. I will also attempt to explain why it took so long, about three and a half decades, to reach a consensus view that new physics is being learned from solar neutrino experiments. Finally, I close with a personal confession.






Why Do Solar Neutrino Experiments Below 1 MeV?
Author(s):John N. Bahcall
Journal: in Low Energy Solar Neutrino Detection, Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop, eds. Y. Suzuki, M. Nakahata, and S. Moriyama (World Scientific, 2002), pp. 172-176 [hep-ex/0106086].

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Abstract: I discuss why we need solar neutrino experiments below 1 MeV. I also express my prejudices about the desired number and types of such experiments, emphasizing the importance of p-p solar neutrino experiments.


Astrophysical Neutrinos: 20th Century and Beyond
Author(s): J. N. Bahcall
Journal:IUPAP Centennial Lecture. In Neutrino 2000, the proceedings of the XIX International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics, Nuclear Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.), 91, 9-17 (2001), hep-ph/0009044.

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Abstract:I summarize the first four decades of solar neutrino research and suggest what may be possible to learn with extragalactic neutrinos and with solar neutrinos in the next decade.

Standard Solar Models
Author(s): John N. Bahcall
Journal:Invited talk at the XVIII International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics, Takayama, Japan, June 4-9, 1998, eds. Y. Suzuki and Y. Totsuka, Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.), 77, 64-72 (1999), astro-ph/9808162.

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Abstract:I review recent developments that affect standard solar model predictions of solar neutrino fluxes.

Solar Neutrinos: Where We Are, Where We Are Going
Author(s): John N. Bahcall
Journal: The Astrophysical Journal, 467, 475-484 (August 10, 1996); astro-ph/9512285. Heineman Prize lecture.

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Abstract:This talk answers a series of questions. Why study solar neutrinos? What does the combined standard model (solar plus electroweak) predict for solar neutrinos? Why are the calculations of neutrino fluxes robust? What are the three solar neutrino problems? What have we learned in the first thirty years of solar neutrino research? For the next decade, what are the most important solvable problems in the physics of solar neutrinos? What are the most important solvable problems in the astrophysics of solar neutrinos?

Solar Neutrinos: Solved and Unsolved Problems
Author(s): John N. Bahcall
Journal: Unsolved Problems in Astrophysics, proceedings of the conference Some Unsolved Problems in Astrophysics, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, April 27-29, 1995, eds. John N. Bahcall and Jeremiah P. Ostriker (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997), p. 195.

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Abstract:This talk answers a series of questions. Why study solar neutrinos? What does the combined standard model (solar plus electroweak) predict for solar neutrinos? Why are the calculations of neutrino fluxes robust? What are the three solar neutrino problems? What have we learned in the first thirty years of solar neutrino research? For the next decade, what are the most important solvable problems in the physics of solar neutrinos? What are the most important solvable problems in the astrophysics of solar neutrinos?

How Well Do Standard Solar Models Describe the Results of Solar Neutrino Experiments?
Author(s): John Bahcall
Journal:In The Inconstant Sun, 2nd Napoli Thinkshop on Physics and Astrophysics, Napoli, 18 March 1996, eds. G. Cauzzi and C. Marmolino, Memorie Della Societ\`a Astronomica Italiana, 68 N. 2, 1997, pp. 361-368, astro-ph/9606161.

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Abstract: The neutrino fluxes calculated from the 14 standard solar models published recently in refereed journals are inconsistent with the results of the 4 pioneering solar neutrino experiments if nothing happens to the neutrinos after they are created in the solar interior. The calculated fluxes and the experimental results are in good agreement if neutrino oscillations occur.

An Introduction to Solar Neutrino Research
Author(s): John Bahcall
Journal:An Introduction to Solar Neutrino Research, in ``Physics of Leptons,'' Proceedings of the XXV SLAC Summer Institute on Particle Physics. August 4-15, 1997. SLAC R-528, ed. A. Breaux, J. Chan, L. DePorcel, and L. Dixon (National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1998), pp. 181-199; hep-ph/9711358.

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Abstract: In the first lecture, I describe the conflicts between the combined standard model predictions and the results of solar neutrino experiments. Here `combined standard model' means the minimal standard electroweak model plus a standard solar model. First, I show how the comparison between standard model predictions and the observed rates in the four pioneering experiments leads to three different solar neutrino problems. Next, I summarize the stunning agreement between the predictions of standard solar models and helioseismological measurements; this precise agreement suggests that future refinements of solar model physics are unlikely to affect significantly the three solar neutrino problems. Then, I describe the important recent analyses in which the neutrino fluxes are treated as free parameters, independent of any constraints from solar models. The disagreement that exists even without using any solar model constraints further reinforces the view that new physics may be required. The principal conclusion of the first lecture is that the minimal standard model is not consistent with the experimental results that have been reported for the pioneering solar neutrino experiments.

In the second lecture, I discuss the possibilities for detecting ``smoking gun'' indications of departures from minimal standard electroweak theory. Examples of smoking guns are the distortion of the energy spectrum of recoil electrons produced by neutrino interactions, the dependence of the observed counting rate on the zenith angle of the sun (or, equivalently, the path through the earth to the detector), the ratio of the flux of neutrinos of all types to the flux of electron neutrinos (neutral current to charged current ratio), and seasonal variations of the event rates (dependence upon the earth-sun distance).

Solar Neutrinos: Where We Are
Author(s): John Bahcall
Journal: In Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology, Proceedings of the 18th Texas Symposium, December 15--20 1996, Chicago, Illinois, eds. A. V. Olinto, J. A. Frieman and D. N. Schramm (World Scientific, 1998) pp. 99-113; astro-ph/9702057.

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Abstract: This talk compares standard model predictions for solar neutrino experiments with the results of actual observations. Here `standard model' means the combined standard model of minimal electroweak theory plus a standard solar model. I emphasize the importance of recent analyses in which the neutrino fluxes are treated as free parameters, independent of any constraints from solar models, and the stunning agreement between the predictions of standard solar models and helioseismological measurements.

Observational Neutrino Astrophysics
Author(s): J. N. Bahcall
Journal:Talk given at the David N. Schramm Memorial Symposium Inner Space/Outer Space II, May 26-29, 1999, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (unpublished).

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Abstract:I summarize the current state of observational neutrino astrophysics.

Ray Davis: The Scientist and the Man
Author(s): John Bahcall
Journal: Nuclear Physics B, Proceedings Supplement, 48, 281-283 (May 1, 1996).

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Abstract: This talk describes some of the scientific achievements and personal qualities of Raymond Davis, Jr. The talk opened a day long session on solar neutrinos that was dedicated to Ray in celebration of his 80th birthday.

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